MemCube v3 & W3C PROV

How Sgraal's provenance chain aligns with the W3C PROV data model standard.

What is W3C PROV?

W3C PROV is a family of specifications for representing and exchanging provenance information on the web. Published as a W3C Recommendation, PROV defines a data model (PROV-DM), serializations (PROV-JSON, PROV-O in RDF), and constraints for describing the lineage of data: who created it, how it was derived, and where it came from.

The core concepts are Entity (a thing with provenance), Activity (a process that transforms entities), and Agent (an actor responsible for activities). Relationships like wasDerivedFrom, wasGeneratedBy, and wasAttributedTo link these together into a directed acyclic provenance graph.

Mapping: MemCube v3 to W3C PROV

Every provenance-relevant field in MemCube v3 has a direct counterpart in the W3C PROV data model. This alignment is intentional — it means Sgraal provenance data can be exported to any PROV-compatible system without lossy transformation.

MemCube v3 Field W3C PROV Concept Description
provenance_chain prov:wasDerivedFrom Ordered list of agents that touched this memory, mapping to a chain of derivation relationships
source_trust prov:qualifiedAssociation Trust score as a qualified relationship attribute between agent and entity
memory_location prov:atLocation Where the memory resides, mapping to PROV's location qualifier
timestamp_age_days prov:generatedAtTime Age since creation, inverse of PROV's absolute generation timestamp

MemCube v3 Entry as W3C PROV JSON-LD

A single MemCube v3 memory entry can be losslessly represented in W3C PROV JSON-LD. The following example shows a semantic memory that passed through three agents:

{
  "@context": {
    "prov": "http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#",
    "sgraal": "https://sgraal.com/ns/memcube#"
  },
  "@id": "sgraal:mem_trade_001",
  "@type": "prov:Entity",

  "prov:generatedAtTime": "2026-04-11T14:30:00Z",
  "prov:atLocation": { "@id": "sgraal:vector-store-primary" },

  "prov:wasDerivedFrom": [
    { "@id": "sgraal:mem_trade_001_v0", "prov:wasAttributedTo": "sgraal:agent-planner-01" },
    { "@id": "sgraal:mem_trade_001_v1", "prov:wasAttributedTo": "sgraal:agent-summarizer-03" }
  ],
  "prov:wasAttributedTo": {
    "@id": "sgraal:agent-executor-07",
    "prov:qualifiedAssociation": {
      "sgraal:source_trust": 0.91
    }
  },

  "sgraal:content": "Trade execution approved for portfolio rebalancing.",
  "sgraal:type": "semantic",
  "sgraal:source_conflict": 0.03,
  "sgraal:downstream_count": 5
}

Benefits of PROV Alignment

Credibility

Aligning with a W3C Recommendation gives Sgraal provenance data immediate credibility in enterprise and regulatory contexts. Auditors and compliance teams already know PROV.

Interoperability

PROV-compatible systems — knowledge graphs, data lineage tools, audit platforms — can ingest Sgraal provenance data without custom adapters or transformation logic.

EU AI Act Article 12 Compliance

Article 12 requires high-risk AI systems to maintain traceability logs. W3C PROV alignment provides a standards-backed audit trail that satisfies this requirement out of the box.

Future-Proof

As provenance standards evolve (PROV 2.0, IEEE P7013), Sgraal's alignment ensures forward compatibility with minimal schema changes.